@prefix : . @prefix owl: . @prefix rdf: . @prefix xml: . @prefix xsd: . @prefix qudt: . @prefix rdfs: . @prefix vaem: . @prefix voag: . @prefix dtype: . @prefix quantity: . @prefix dimension: . @base . rdf:type owl:Ontology . ################################################################# # # Annotation properties # ################################################################# ### http://attempto.ifi.uzh.ch/ace_lexicon#CN_pl rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ### http://attempto.ifi.uzh.ch/ace_lexicon#CN_sg rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ### http://attempto.ifi.uzh.ch/ace_lexicon#PN_sg rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ### http://attempto.ifi.uzh.ch/ace_lexicon#TV_pl rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ### http://attempto.ifi.uzh.ch/ace_lexicon#TV_sg rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ### http://attempto.ifi.uzh.ch/ace_lexicon#TV_vbg rdf:type owl:AnnotationProperty . ################################################################# # # Object Properties # ################################################################# ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#appliedTo :appliedTo rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#dependsOn :dependsOn rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; "dependsOn" ; "dependsOned" ; "dependsOns" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#hasDescription :hasDescription rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; "describes" ; "describeses" ; "describesed" ; owl:inverseOf :isDescribedBy . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#hasDeterminingFactor :hasDeterminingFactor rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; "hasDeterminingFactors" ; "hasDeterminingFactored" ; "hasDeterminingFactor" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#hasEnvironmentParameter :hasEnvironmentParameter rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; "hasEnvironmentParametered" ; "hasEnvironmentParameter" ; "hasEnvironmentParameters" ; rdfs:subPropertyOf :hasProcessParameter . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#hasFusionMechanism :hasFusionMechanism rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; "hasFusionMechanism" ; "hasFusionMechanisms" ; "hasFusionMechanismed" ; rdfs:range :FullMelting , :LiquidPhaseSintering ; rdfs:domain :PowderBedFusion ; rdfs:range :SolidStateSintering . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#hasHeatAbsorptionDeterminingFactor :hasHeatAbsorptionDeterminingFactor rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; rdfs:comment """Heat_absorption determinig factors can be defined within the following range Energy_density, Power_wavelength, Pulse_duration, Scanning_speed, Absorption_factor, Heat_conduction, Powder_oxidation_rate""" ; "has_HA_DeterminingFactors" ; "has_HA_DeterminingFactor" ; "has_HA_DeterminingFactored" ; rdfs:subPropertyOf :hasDeterminingFactor . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#hasHeatSource :hasHeatSource rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; "hasHeatSources" ; "hasHeatSource" ; "hasHeatSourced" ; rdfs:domain :AdditiveManufacturing ; rdfs:subPropertyOf :usesThermalEnergy ; rdfs:range [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:unionOf ( :ElectronBeam :LaserBeam ) ] . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#hasHeatSourceProperty :hasHeatSourceProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; "hasHeatSourceProperties" ; "hasHeatSourcePropertied" ; "hasHeatSourceProperty" ; rdfs:subPropertyOf :hasProperty . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#hasInputParameter :hasInputParameter rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; "hasInputParameters" ; "hasInputParameter" ; "hasInputParametered" ; rdfs:subPropertyOf :hasProcessParameter . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#hasMaterial :hasMaterial rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; "hasMaterials" ; "hasMaterialed" ; "hasMaterial" ; rdfs:domain :AdditiveManufacturing ; rdfs:range :AdditiveManufacturingMaterial . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#hasMaterialProperty :hasMaterialProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; "hasMaterialProperty" ; "hasMaterialPropertied" ; "hasMaterialProperties" ; rdfs:domain :AdditiveManufacturingMaterial ; rdfs:range :ProcessDependentMaterialProperty ; rdfs:subPropertyOf :hasProperty . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#hasMeltPoolDeterminingFactor :hasMeltPoolDeterminingFactor rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; "has_determining_factored" ; "has_determining_factors" ; "has_determining_factor" ; rdfs:subPropertyOf :hasDeterminingFactor . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#hasPowderBedFusionResource :hasPowderBedFusionResource rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; "hasPowderBedFusionResource" ; "hasPowderBedFusionResourced" ; "hasPowderBedFusionResources" ; rdfs:domain :PowderBedFusion ; rdfs:subPropertyOf :hasProcessResource ; rdfs:range [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:intersectionOf ( :BuildChamber :BuildPlatform :DispenserPlatform :HeatSource :PowderBed :RecoatingBlade ) ] . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#hasPowderLayerProperty :hasPowderLayerProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; "hasPowderLayerProperty" ; "hasPowderLayerPropertied" ; "hasPowderLayerProperties" ; rdfs:domain :PowderLayer ; rdfs:range :PowderLayerThickness ; rdfs:subPropertyOf :hasProperty . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#hasProcessParameter :hasProcessParameter rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; "has_parametered" ; "has_parameter" ; "has_parameters" ; rdfs:domain :AdditiveManufacturing ; rdfs:range :AdditiveManufacturingParameter . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#hasProcessResource :hasProcessResource rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; "hasResource" ; "hasResources" ; "hasResourced" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#hasProperty :hasProperty rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; "hasPropertied" ; "hasProperties" ; "hasProperty" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#hasShape :hasShape rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; "has_shaped" ; "has_shape" ; "has_shapes" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#hasVariable :hasVariable rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; "hasVariabled" ; "hasVariable" ; "hasVariables" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#isControlledBy :isControlledBy rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; "isControlledBied" ; "isControlledBies" ; "isControlledBy" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#isDefinedBy :isDefinedBy rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; "isDefinedBy" ; "isDefinedBies" ; "isDefinedBied" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#isDescribedBy :isDescribedBy rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; "isDescribedBies" ; "isDescribedBied" ; "isDescribedBy" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#isDeterminedBy :isDeterminedBy rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; "isDeterminedBied" ; "isDeterminedBy" ; "isDeterminedBies" ; owl:inverseOf :hasDeterminingFactor . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#isFunctionOf :isFunctionOf rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; "isFunctionOf" ; "isFunctionOfs" ; "isFunctionOfed" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#isQuantifiedWith :isQuantifiedWith rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; "isQuantifiedWith" ; "isQuantifiedWithed" ; "isQuantifiedWiths" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#uses :uses rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#usesThermalEnergy :usesThermalEnergy rdf:type owl:ObjectProperty ; "usesThermalEnergy" ; "usesThermalEnergied" ; "usesThermalEnergies" . ### http://www.semanticweb.org/ina3/ontologies/2014/10/untitled-ontology-6-model-ontology#isDeterminedBy "isDeterminedBy" ; "isDeterminedBies" ; "isDeterminedBied" . ################################################################# # # Classes # ################################################################# ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#AMProcessEntity :AMProcessEntity rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:comment "An AMProcessEntity is an element used in the description of an additive manufacturing process." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#AdditiveManufacturing :AdditiveManufacturing rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :AMProcessEntity , :AdditiveManufacturing ; rdfs:comment "A family of additive manufacturing process." ; "AM_entities" ; "AM_entity" ; "Process_entities" ; "Process_entity" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#AdditiveManufacturingMaterial :AdditiveManufacturingMaterial rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ElementOfAdditiveManufacturing ; rdfs:comment "Material used for AM process. Most AM processes are capable of using several materials." ; "Material_entities" ; "Material_entity" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#AdditiveManufacturingParameter :AdditiveManufacturingParameter rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ElementOfAdditiveManufacturing ; rdfs:comment "Processing parameter determined for a given Additive Manufacturing process." ; "Process_parameters" ; "Process_parameter" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#AdditiveManufacturingVariable :AdditiveManufacturingVariable rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ElementOfAdditiveManufacturing ; "AdditiveManufacturingProcessVariables" ; rdfs:comment "Process variable of interest to determine the quality of a build. Some indicators can be measured (observable variables) while other may be inferred from measurements using models or correlations (derived variables)." ; "AdditiveManufacturingProcessVariable" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#AmorphousMaterialSintering :AmorphousMaterialSintering rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ConsolidationBySintering , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :uses ; owl:someValuesFrom :SolidStateSintering ] ; "AmorphousMaterialSinterings" ; "AmorphousMaterialSintering" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#AmorphousThermoplastic :AmorphousThermoplastic rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Polymer ; "AmorphousThermoplastics" ; "AmorphousThermoplastic" ; rdfs:comment "Amorphous high-temperature polymers have a randomly ordered molecular structure which does not have a sharp melt point; instead amorphous materials soften gradually as the temperature rises." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#BeamRadius :BeamRadius rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PredefinedInputParameter ; rdfs:comment "Size of the laser or electron beam." ; "BeamDiameter" ; "BeamDiameters" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#BeamWavelength :BeamWavelength rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PredefinedInputParameter ; "PowerWavelength" ; "PowerWavelengths" ; rdfs:comment "Wavelength of the heat source." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#BedEmissivity :BedEmissivity rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PowderBedProperty ; "BedEmissivities" ; "BedEmissivity" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#BedRadiation :BedRadiation rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:equivalentClass [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:intersectionOf ( :HeatTransferInPowderBed [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:intersectionOf ( [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :isFunctionOf ; owl:someValuesFrom :BedEmissivity ] [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :isFunctionOf ; owl:someValuesFrom :ChamberTemperature ] [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :isFunctionOf ; owl:someValuesFrom :TemperatureDistribution ] ) ] ) ] ; "BedRadiations" ; "BedRadiation" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#BinderJetting :BinderJetting rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :AdditiveManufacturing ; "BinderJettings" ; rdfs:comment "A rapid prototyping technology where an inkjet print head moves accross a bed of powder, slectively depositing a liquid binding material. The process is also known as \"drop-on-powder\" and \"Inkjet 3D printing\"." ; "BinderJetting" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#BuildChamber :BuildChamber rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PowderBedFusionResource ; "BuildChamber" ; "BuildChambers" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#BuildPlatform :BuildPlatform rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PowderBedFusionResource ; "Build_platform" ; "Build_platforms" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#BuoyancyEffects :BuoyancyEffects rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :FluidMechanics ; "BuoyancyEffectses" ; "BuoyancyEffects" ; rdfs:comment "Buoyancy Effect is a Volumetric Phenomenon" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#CapillaryEffect :CapillaryEffect rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :SurfaceTensionEffects ; "CapillaryEffects" ; "CapillaryEffect" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#Ceramics :Ceramics rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :AdditiveManufacturingMaterial ; "Ceramicses" ; "Ceramics" ; rdfs:comment "An inorganic, nonmetallic solid primarily held in ionic and covalent bonds. The crystallinity of ceramic materials ranges from highly-oriented to semi-crystalline, and often completely amorphous." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#ChamberTemperature :ChamberTemperature rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PredefinedInputParameter ; "ChamberTemperature" ; rdfs:comment "Temperature inside the build chamber. Some systems have internal heaters (to prevent residual stresses due to thermal gradients) that allow for a reference chamber temperature to be pre-defined." ; "ChamberTemperatures" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#CompositeMaterials :CompositeMaterials rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Ceramics ; rdfs:comment "Materials that are particulate reinforced, fiber reinforces or some other combination of oxides and nonoxides." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#Consolidation :Consolidation rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PhysicalProcess ; "Consolidations" ; rdfs:comment "Consolidation physical process is characterized with density variation process within melting or sintering." ; "Consolidation" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#ConsolidationByMelting :ConsolidationByMelting rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Consolidation , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :uses ; owl:someValuesFrom :FullMelting ] ; "ConsolidationByMeltings" ; "ConsolidationByMelting" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#ConsolidationBySintering :ConsolidationBySintering rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Consolidation ; "ConsolidationBySinterings" ; "ConsolidationBySintering" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#ControllableInputParameter :ControllableInputParameter rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :InputParameter ; "Controllable" ; "Controllables" ; rdfs:comment "Input parameters that can be varied during the process." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#CoolingRate :CoolingRate rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :DerivedVariable , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :isDeterminedBy ; owl:someValuesFrom :TemperatureDistribution ] ; rdfs:comment "The rate at which temperature decreases after solidification. It is inferred from the temperature distribution." ; "CoolingRate" ; "CoolingRates" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#CrystallineMaterialSintering :CrystallineMaterialSintering rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ConsolidationBySintering , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :uses ; owl:someValuesFrom [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:unionOf ( :LiquidPhaseSintering :SolidStateSintering ) ] ] ; "CrystallineMaterialSinterings" ; "CrystallineMaterialSintering" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#CylindricalIrradiation :CylindricalIrradiation rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :SurfaceIrradiation ; "CylindricalIrradiation" ; "CylindricalIrradiations" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#DeformationInPart :DeformationInPart rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Structural ; "Deformation" ; "Deformations" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#DendriteArmSpacingDistribution :DendriteArmSpacingDistribution rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :SolidificationCharacteristic ; "DendriteArmSpacingDistribution" ; "DendriteArmSpacingDistributions" ; rdfs:comment "Primary dendrite arm spacing (PDAS) and secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS) can be approximated with correlations based on the thermal history of the part. These parameters are used to quantify the likelihood of macrosegregation defects." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#DendriteOrientationDistribution :DendriteOrientationDistribution rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :SolidificationCharacteristic ; rdfs:comment "Thermal history can be used to predict the orientation of dendrites, which grow perpendicular to the solidification front." ; "DendriteOrientationDistribution" ; "DendriteOrientationDistributions" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#DensityDistribution :DensityDistribution rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :DerivedVariable ; "DensityDistribution" ; rdfs:comment "Distribution of density in the powder bed. It depends on time and space. It is not measured during the process but it can be approximated with physics-based models." ; "DensityDistributions" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#DerivedVariable :DerivedVariable rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :AdditiveManufacturingVariable ; "Derived" ; rdfs:comment "Quantity of interest that has a physical meaning and is not observed directly. Mapping between measurements and derived variables doesn't have to be given by the instantied model." ; "Deriveds" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#DirectedEnergyDeposition :DirectedEnergyDeposition rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :AdditiveManufacturing ; "DirectedEnergyDepositions" ; "DirectedEnergyDeposition" ; rdfs:comment "An additive manufacturing technology where a nozzle is mounted on a multi-axis arm, which deposits melted material onto a specified surface, where it solidifies. The process can be used with polymers, ceramics but it is typically used with metals, in the form of either powder or wire." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#DispenserPlatform :DispenserPlatform rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PowderBedFusionResource ; "Dispenser_platforms" ; "Dispenser_platform" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#ElasticDeformation :ElasticDeformation rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :DeformationInPart ; "ElasticDeformation" ; "ElasticDeformations" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#ElectronBeam :ElectronBeam rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :HeatSource ; owl:disjointWith :LaserBeam ; "Electron_beams" ; "Electron_beam" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#ElectronBeamMelting :ElectronBeamMelting rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PowderBedFusion ; rdfs:comment "Electron Beam Melting (EBM) is a type of additive manufacturing (AM) for metal components in which an electron beam acts as the heat source to fully-melt metal powder." ; "ElectronBeamMeltings" ; "ElectronBeamMelting" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#ElementOfAdditiveManufacturing :ElementOfAdditiveManufacturing rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :AMProcessEntity ; "ElementOfAdditiveManufacturingProcess" ; rdfs:comment "Attributes required to define an Additive Manufacturing process, such as the material, the consolidation mechanism, etc." ; "ElementOfAdditiveManufacturingProcesses" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#ElementOfPowderBed :ElementOfPowderBed rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PowderBedFusionResource ; "Powder_bed_component" ; "Powder_bed_components" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#ElementOfPowderBedFusion :ElementOfPowderBedFusion rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ElementOfAdditiveManufacturing ; "ElementOfPowderBedFusion" ; rdfs:comment "List of characteristics defining the physics of the powder bed fusion process." ; "ElementOfPowderBedFusions" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#EmpiricalParameter :EmpiricalParameter rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PredefinedInputParameter ; rdfs:comment "THIS DOES NOT MAKE SENSE. THE ONLY REASON WHY YOU WOULD NEED AN EMPIRICAL PARAMETER IS IF YOU HAD A MODEL." ; "EmpiricalParameter" ; "EmpiricalParameters" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#FluidFlowInMeltPool :FluidFlowInMeltPool rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :FluidMechanics ; "FluidFlowInMeltPool" ; "FluidFlowInMeltPools" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#FluidMechanics :FluidMechanics rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PhysicalProcess ; "FluidMechanics" ; "FluidMechanicses" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#FluidVelocity :FluidVelocity rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :DerivedVariable ; "FluidVelocities" ; "FluidVelocity" ; rdfs:comment "Velocity of in the fluid region of the powder bed. It is not measured but it can be approximated with multi-physics models." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#FullMelting :FullMelting rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :FusionMechanism ; rdfs:comment "Powdered material heated up above its melting temperature to result in fully-dense material." ; "FullMeltings" ; "FullMelting" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#Fusion :Fusion rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PhaseTransformation ; "Fusion" ; "Fusions" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#FusionMechanism :FusionMechanism rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ElementOfPowderBedFusion ; rdfs:comment "Type of consolidation mechanism." ; "FusionMechanisms" ; "FusionMechanism" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#GasComposition :GasComposition rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PredefinedInputParameter ; "GasComposition" ; "GasCompositions" ; rdfs:comment "Chemical composition of protective gas in the build chamber. When processing metals, noble gases are used to protect the liquid from oxidation." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#GasPressure :GasPressure rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PredefinedInputParameter ; "GasPressure" ; rdfs:comment "Pressure of the protective gas in the build chamber." ; "GasPressures" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#GaussianIrradiation :GaussianIrradiation rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :SurfaceIrradiation ; "GaussianIrradiations" ; "GaussianIrradiation" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#GrainSizeDistribution :GrainSizeDistribution rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :SolidificationCharacteristic ; rdfs:comment "Termperature gradients and local solidification time can be used to predict grain size, which will be responsible for mechanical properties, such as yield strength." ; "DendriticGrainSizeDistribution" ; "DendriticGrainSizeDistributions" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#HardMetal :HardMetal rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :AdditiveManufacturingMaterial ; "HardMetals" ; rdfs:comment "Hard materials used in machining tough materials." ; "HardMetal" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#HeatConduction :HeatConduction rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :HeatTransferInPowderBed , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :isControlledBy ; owl:someValuesFrom :ThermalConductivity ] ; "HeatConductions" ; "HeatConduction" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#HeatSource :HeatSource rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:equivalentClass [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:unionOf ( :ElectronBeam :LaserBeam ) ] ; rdfs:subClassOf :PowderBedFusionResource ; "EnergySource" ; "EnergySources" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#HeatSourcePosition :HeatSourcePosition rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ObservableVariable , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :isDeterminedBy ; owl:someValuesFrom :HeatSourceVelocity ] ; "HeatSourcePositions" ; rdfs:comment "The scan speed can be integrated in time to find the position of the heat source. This variable is monitored during the process." ; "HeatSourcePosition" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#HeatSourcePower :HeatSourcePower rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ControllableInputParameter ; "HeatSourcePower" ; "HeatSourcePowers" ; rdfs:comment "Power of the heat source (laser or electron beam)." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#HeatSourceVelocity :HeatSourceVelocity rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ControllableInputParameter ; rdfs:comment "Speed of the the heat source on the powder bed. Also designated as \"Scanning Speed\" in the literature." ; "HeatSourceVelocity" ; "HeatSourceVelocities" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#HeatTransferInPowderBed :HeatTransferInPowderBed rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:equivalentClass [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:intersectionOf ( :Thermal [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:unionOf ( [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:intersectionOf ( [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :isFunctionOf ; owl:someValuesFrom :BedRadiation ] [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :isFunctionOf ; owl:someValuesFrom :HeatConduction ] [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :isFunctionOf ; owl:someValuesFrom :SurfaceConvection ] ) ] [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :isFunctionOf ; owl:allValuesFrom :HeatConduction ] ) ] ) ] ; "HeatTransfers" ; "HeatTransfer" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#HeatingByHeatSource :HeatingByHeatSource rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :IrradiationAbsorptionByPowderBed ; "Scannings" ; "Scanning" ; rdfs:comment "A beam is directed toward the powder bed." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#InitialPowderDensity :InitialPowderDensity rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ProcessDependentMaterialProperty ; "InitialPowderDensity" ; rdfs:comment "Density of the powder before any sort of consolidation." ; "InitialPowderDensities" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#InputParameter :InputParameter rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :AdditiveManufacturingParameter ; "Input_parameters" ; rdfs:comment "Input parameters determined by the user." ; "Input_parameter" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#InterfaceCurvature :InterfaceCurvature rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :DerivedVariable ; "InterfaceCurvatures" ; rdfs:comment "Usually accounted for when studying balling. Although not measured during the process, it can be estimated with meso-scale models." ; "InterfaceCurvature" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#Irradiation :Irradiation rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Thermal ; "Irradiation" ; "Irradiations" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#IrradiationAbsorptionByPowderBed :IrradiationAbsorptionByPowderBed rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Thermal ; rdfs:comment "Part of the irradiation is absorbed by the powder bed, heating it up." ; "HeatAbsorptions" ; "Heating" ; "Heatings" ; "HeatAbsorption" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#LaserBeam :LaserBeam rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :HeatSource ; "Laser_beam" ; "Laser_beams" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#LiquidPhaseSintering :LiquidPhaseSintering rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :FusionMechanism ; "LiquidPhaseSintering" ; rdfs:comment "Part of the powder is melted to act as an adhesive that will hold together the rest of the material, still solid. Also known as partial melting." ; "LiquidPhaseSinterings" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#LocalSolidificationTime :LocalSolidificationTime rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :DerivedVariable , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :isDeterminedBy ; owl:someValuesFrom :TemperatureDistribution ] ; "Cooling_time" ; "Cooling_times" ; rdfs:comment "Time between liquidus and solidus transition. This parameter is extracted from the temperature distribution." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#MarangoniEffect :MarangoniEffect rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :SurfaceTensionEffects ; "MarangoniEffect" ; "MarangoniEffects" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#MaterialExtrusion :MaterialExtrusion rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :AdditiveManufacturing ; "MaterialExtrusion" ; "MaterialExtrusions" ; rdfs:comment "In this process, material is drawn through a nozzle, where it is heated and then deposited layer by layer. It is commonly used in several inexpensive, domestive 3D printers." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#MaterialJetting :MaterialJetting rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :AdditiveManufacturing ; "MaterialJetting" ; rdfs:comment "This process creates objects in a similar method to an ink jet printer. The difference is that in this process the nozzle deposits material instead of binder." ; "MaterialJettings" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#MeltPoolArea :MeltPoolArea rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :MeltPoolSize ; rdfs:comment "Cross-sectional area of melt pool, usually measured on the plane where the cross-sectional area reaches its maximum." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#MeltPoolDepth :MeltPoolDepth rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :MeltPoolShape , :MeltPoolSize ; rdfs:comment "Maximum depth of the melt pool, as measured from the top of the powder bed. It can be measured only after the process has been completed." ; "Melt_pool_depth" ; "Melt_pool_depths" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#MeltPoolLength :MeltPoolLength rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :MeltPoolSize ; rdfs:comment "Length of melt pool, as measured on the top surface of the powder bed." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#MeltPoolShape :MeltPoolShape rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ObservableVariable ; "Melt_pool_shapes" ; "Melt_pool_shape" ; rdfs:comment "Geometry of melt pool as measured either during the process or after." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#MeltPoolSize :MeltPoolSize rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :DerivedVariable ; "Melt_pool_sizes" ; "Melt_pool_size" ; rdfs:comment "Geometry of the melt pool in the powder bed." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#MeltPoolTemperature :MeltPoolTemperature rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ObservableVariable ; "Melt_pool_temperature" ; rdfs:comment "In some applications, thermography is used to measure temperature in the melt pool." ; "Melt_pool_temperatures" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#MeltPoolWidth :MeltPoolWidth rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :MeltPoolShape , :MeltPoolSize ; "MeltPoolWidths" ; "MeltPoolWidth" ; rdfs:comment "Melt pool width as measured on top surface of powder bed. It can be measured during the process with non-invasive methods, such as thermography." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#MetalAlloy :MetalAlloy rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :AdditiveManufacturingMaterial ; rdfs:comment "A material that is typically hard, opaque, shiny, and has good electrical and thermal conductivity." ; "Metal" ; "Metals" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#Microstructural :Microstructural rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PhysicalProcess ; "Microstructural" ; "Microstructurals" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#MicrostructureDistribution :MicrostructureDistribution rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :SolidificationCharacteristic ; rdfs:comment "Thermal history can be fed to microstructural models that predict the distribution of different phases in the solidified part." ; "MicrostructureDistributions" ; "MicrostructureDistribution" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#MicrostructureEvolution :MicrostructureEvolution rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Microstructural ; "MicrostructureEvolution" ; "MicrostructureEvolutions" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#NickelAlloy :NickelAlloy rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :MetalAlloy ; rdfs:comment "Superalloys with nickel as principal element. Some examples are alloys 625 and 718." ; "NickelAlloy" ; "NickelAlloys" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#NonOxideCeramic :NonOxideCeramic rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Ceramics ; "NonOxideCeramic" ; rdfs:comment "Nonoxide ceramics, such as carbides, borides, nitrides, and silicides." ; "NonOxideCeramics" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#ObservableVariable :ObservableVariable rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :AdditiveManufacturingVariable ; "Observable" ; "Observables" ; rdfs:comment "Set of process variables that can be observed experimentally." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#OpticalProperty :OpticalProperty rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PowderBedProperty ; "OpticalProperties" ; "OpticalProperty" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#OxideCeramic :OxideCeramic rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Ceramics ; rdfs:comment "Oxides are chemical compounds that contains at least one oxygen atom and one other element in its chemical formula." ; "OxideCeramic" ; "OxideCeramics" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#PackingDensity :PackingDensity rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ProcessDependentMaterialProperty ; rdfs:comment "Packing density of powder." ; "PackingDensities" ; "PackingDensity" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#ParticleSize :ParticleSize rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ProcessDependentMaterialProperty ; rdfs:comment "Average size of powdered particles used in the AM process." ; "ParticleSizes" ; "ParticleSize" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#PhaseTransformation :PhaseTransformation rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Thermal ; "PhaseTransformations" ; "PhaseTransformation" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#PhysicalProcess :PhysicalProcess rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ElementOfAdditiveManufacturing ; rdfs:comment "Individual stages of the multi-physics multi-scale process that characterizes PBF processes." ; "Physical_phenomenon" ; "Physical_phenomenons" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#PlasticDeformation :PlasticDeformation rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :DeformationInPart ; "PlasticDeformations" ; "PlasticDeformation" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#PointSourceIrradiation :PointSourceIrradiation rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :SurfaceIrradiation ; "PointSourceIrradiation" ; "PointSourceIrradiations" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#PolyMethylmetacrylate :PolyMethylmetacrylate rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :AmorphousThermoplastic ; "PolyMethylmetacrylates" ; rdfs:comment "PMMA is a transparent thermoplastic often used in sheet form as a lightweight or shatter-resistant alternative to glass." ; "PolyMethylmetacrylate" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#Polyamide :Polyamide rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :SemiChrystallineThermoplastics ; rdfs:comment "A macromolecule with repeating units linked by amide bonds." ; "Polyamides" ; "Polyamide" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#Polycarbonate :Polycarbonate rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :AmorphousThermoplastic ; "Polycarbonate" ; "Polycarbonates" ; rdfs:comment "A group of thermoplastic polymers containing carbonate groups in their chemical structures. Polycarbonates used in engineering are strong, tough materials, and some grades are optically transparent. They are easily worked, molded, and thermoformed." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#Polyethylene :Polyethylene rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :SemiChrystallineThermoplastics ; rdfs:comment "PE is the most common plastic. Many kinds of polyethylene are known, with most having the chemical formula (C2H4)n. Thus PE is usually a mixture of similar organic compounds that differ in terms of the value of n." ; "Polyethylene" ; "Polyethylenes" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#Polymer :Polymer rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :AdditiveManufacturingMaterial ; "Polymer" ; rdfs:comment "A large molecule, or macromolecule, composed of many repeated subunits. Only amorphous and semi-crystalline polymers are used in AM processes." ; "Polymers" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#Polypropylene :Polypropylene rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :SemiChrystallineThermoplastics ; "Polypropylene" ; rdfs:comment "PP is a thermoplastic polymer used in a wide variety of applications including packaging and labeling, textiles (e.g., ropes, thermal underwear and carpets), stationery, plastic parts and reusable containers of various types, laboratory equipment, loudspeakers, automotive components, and polymer banknotes. An addition polymer made from the monomer propylene, it is rugged and unusually resistant to many chemical solvents, bases and acids." ; "Polypropylenes" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#Polystyrene :Polystyrene rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :AmorphousThermoplastic ; rdfs:comment "A synthetic aromatic polymer made from the monomer styrene. Polystyrene can be solid or foamed. General purpose polystyrene is clear, hard, and rather brittle." ; "Polystyrene" ; "Polystyrenes" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#PowderBed :PowderBed rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PowderBedFusionResource ; "Powder_beds" ; "Powder_bed" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#PowderBedFusion :PowderBedFusion rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:equivalentClass [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:unionOf ( :ElectronBeamMelting :SelectiveLaserSintering [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:intersectionOf ( :SelectiveLaserMelting [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:intersectionOf ( [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :hasFusionMechanism ; owl:someValuesFrom :FusionMechanism ] [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :hasHeatSource ; owl:someValuesFrom :HeatSource ] [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :hasProcessResource ; owl:someValuesFrom :PowderBedFusionResource ] ) ] ) ] ) ] ; rdfs:subClassOf :AdditiveManufacturing ; rdfs:comment "Powder bed fusion (PBF) describes a family of additive manufacturing processes in which either a laser or an electrob beam melts heats up layers of powder to produce thermally-activated consolidation, either by sintering or melting. Some of the techniques that can be considered PBF are: Direct metal laser sintering (DMLS), Electron beam melting (EBM), Selective heat sintering (SHS) and selective laser sintering (SLS)." ; "PowderBedFusion" ; "PowderBedFusions" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#PowderBedFusionResource :PowderBedFusionResource rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ElementOfPowderBedFusion ; "AMResources" ; "AMResource" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#PowderBedGeometry :PowderBedGeometry rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PowderBedProperty ; "PowderBedGeometry" ; "PowderBedGeometries" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#PowderBedProperty :PowderBedProperty rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ProcessDependentMaterialProperty ; "PowderBedProperties" ; "PowderBedProperty" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#PowderInitialTemperature :PowderInitialTemperature rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PredefinedInputParameter ; "PowderInitialTemperature" ; "PowderInitialTemperatures" ; rdfs:comment "Temperature at which the powder is spread on the powder bed. It may be pre-heated to prevent residual stresses." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#PowderLayer :PowderLayer rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ElementOfPowderBed ; "Layers" ; "Layer" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#PowderLayerThickness :PowderLayerThickness rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PredefinedInputParameter ; "PowderLayerThickness" ; rdfs:comment "Thickness of the powder layer spread on top of the powder bed." ; "PowderLayerThicknesses" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#PowderParticles :PowderParticles rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ElementOfPowderBed ; "Powder_particle" ; "Powder_particles" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#PowderParticlesComposition :PowderParticlesComposition rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ProcessDependentMaterialProperty ; "PowderParticlesCompositions" ; "PowderParticlesComposition" ; rdfs:comment "Chemical composition of the powdered particles. All of them could have the same composition, or a combination of different compositions could be used." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#PowderSizeDistribution :PowderSizeDistribution rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ProcessDependentMaterialProperty ; "PowderSizeDistribution" ; rdfs:comment "YOU ALREADY HAVE PARTICLE SIZE. THIS DOES NOT MAKE SENSE AS YOU ARE REPEATING INFORMATION. THEY'RE THE SAME." ; "PowderSizeDistributions" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#PredefinedInputParameter :PredefinedInputParameter rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :InputParameter ; rdfs:comment "Input parameters that are determined before the build." ; "Predefined" ; "Predefineds" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#ProcessDependentMaterialProperty :ProcessDependentMaterialProperty rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PredefinedInputParameter ; "Material_properties" ; "Material_propertieses" ; rdfs:comment "Properties of the material used in the AM process." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#PulseDuration :PulseDuration rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PredefinedInputParameter ; "PulseDuration" ; rdfs:comment "In the case of pulsed lasers, the pulse duration needs to be pre-defined." ; "PulseDurations" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#RadiativeProperty :RadiativeProperty rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PowderBedProperty , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :isDeterminedBy ; owl:someValuesFrom :TemperatureDistribution ] ; "RadiativeProperty" ; "RadiativeProperties" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#RecoatingBlade :RecoatingBlade rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PowderBedFusionResource ; "Recoating_blade" ; "Recoating_blades" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#ResidualStressDistribution :ResidualStressDistribution rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :StressDistribution ; "Stress_distribution" ; "Stress_distributions" ; rdfs:comment "Distribution of residual stresses which arise due to thermal gradients during solidification." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#ScaningTrackPattern :ScaningTrackPattern rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PredefinedInputParameter ; rdfs:comment "The trajectory to be followed by the heat source to scan the surface of a given layer." ; "Scan_tracks" ; "Scan_track" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#SelectiveLaserMelting :SelectiveLaserMelting rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PowderBedFusion , [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:intersectionOf ( [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :appliedTo ; owl:someValuesFrom [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:intersectionOf ( :HardMetal :MetalAlloy ) ] ] [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :hasFusionMechanism ; owl:someValuesFrom :FullMelting ] ) ] ; "SelectiveLaserMeltings" ; rdfs:comment "This process uses a high-power laser, usually an ytterbium fiber laser with hundreds of Watts, to fully melt selected regions of a metal powder bed." ; "SelectiveLaserMelting" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#SelectiveLaserSintering :SelectiveLaserSintering rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PowderBedFusion , [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:intersectionOf ( [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :appliedTo ; owl:someValuesFrom :AdditiveManufacturingMaterial ] [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :hasFusionMechanism ; owl:someValuesFrom [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:intersectionOf ( :FullMelting :LiquidPhaseSintering :SolidStateSintering ) ] ] ) ] ; "SelectiveLaserSintering" ; "SelectiveLaserSinterings" ; rdfs:comment "Selective laser sintering (SLS) uses a laser as the power source to sinter powdered material, binding the material together to create a solid structure." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#SemiChrystallineThermoplastics :SemiChrystallineThermoplastics rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Polymer ; "SemiChrystallineThermoplastics" ; rdfs:comment "Semi-crystalline materials have a highly ordered molecular structure with sharp melt points. They do not gradually soften with a temperature increase, instead, semi-crystalline materials remain solid until a given quantity of heat is absorbed and then rapidly change into a low viscosity liquid." ; "SemiChrystallineThermoplasticses" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#SheetLamination :SheetLamination rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :AdditiveManufacturing ; "SheetLaminations" ; rdfs:comment "Sheet lamination describes a family of additive manufacturing process in which layers are shaped separately (by laser or knife), and then bound together using ultrasonic welding or an adhesive." ; "SheetLamination" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#SilicateCeramic :SilicateCeramic rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :OxideCeramic ; "SilicateCeramic" ; "SilicateCeramics" ; rdfs:comment "Silicate ceramics are manufactured from natural raw materials. They include porcelains, steatites, cordierites, and mullites." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#SinteringRate :SinteringRate rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :DerivedVariable ; "SinteringRates" ; rdfs:comment "Rate at which particles are sintered together when temperature is increased." ; "SinteringRate" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#SolidStateSintering :SolidStateSintering rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :FusionMechanism ; "SolidStateSinterings" ; rdfs:comment "Viscous sintering, which occurs when powder is heated up below melting temperature." ; "SolidStateSintering" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#SolidificationCharacteristic :SolidificationCharacteristic rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :DerivedVariable ; rdfs:comment "Indicators of the microstructural properties in the part. They are computed only for metallic parts." ; "SolidificationCharacteristics" ; "SolidificationCharacteristic" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#SolidificationRate :SolidificationRate rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :SolidificationCharacteristic ; rdfs:comment "THIS IS WRONG. LAST WEEK I TOLD YOU THAT SOLIDIFICATION RATE AND LOCAL SOLIDIFICATION TIME ARE THE SAME THING." ; "SolidificationRate" ; "SolidificationRates" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#StainlessSteel :StainlessSteel rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :MetalAlloy ; rdfs:comment "Steel alloy with a minimum of 10.5% of chromium content by mass, to protect it from corrosion." ; "Stainless_steel" ; "Stainless_steels" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#StrainDistribution :StrainDistribution rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :DerivedVariable ; rdfs:comment "Distribution of strain (deformation) in the solidified part." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#StressDistribution :StressDistribution rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :DerivedVariable ; rdfs:comment "Distribution of stresses in the part. In the case of AM. When no external load is applied, only residual stresses remain." ; "StressDistributions" ; "StressDistribution" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#Structural :Structural rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PhysicalProcess ; "Structural" ; "Structurals" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#SubstrateTemperature :SubstrateTemperature rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :DerivedVariable ; "SubstrateTemperature" ; rdfs:comment "Temperature of the substrate. Often assumed constant, it will receive heat from the source and its temperature may increase, especially when building the first layers." ; "SubstrateTemperatures" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#SurfaceBallingSize :SurfaceBallingSize rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ObservableVariable ; "SurfaceBallingSize" ; "SurfaceBallingSizes" ; rdfs:comment "When balling occurs, the size of the defects can be measured after the process is completed." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#SurfaceConvection :SurfaceConvection rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :HeatTransferInPowderBed ; "SurfaceConvections" ; "SurfaceConvection" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#SurfaceIrradiation :SurfaceIrradiation rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Irradiation ; "SurfaceIrradiation" ; "SurfaceIrradiations" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#SurfaceTensionEffects :SurfaceTensionEffects rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:equivalentClass [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:intersectionOf ( :FluidMechanics [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:intersectionOf ( [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :isDeterminedBy ; owl:someValuesFrom :CapillaryEffect ] [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :isDeterminedBy ; owl:someValuesFrom :MarangoniEffect ] ) ] ) ] ; "Wettings/Dewettings" ; rdfs:comment "Surface Effect concept is intended to include Wetting/Dewetting phenomena" ; "Wetting/Dewetting" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#TemperatureDistribution :TemperatureDistribution rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :DerivedVariable ; rdfs:comment "Temperature distribution on the powder bed. It is not possible to measure the entire distribution of temperature and one must resort to computational models to predict it." ; "Temperature_distribution" ; "Temperature_distributions" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#Thermal :Thermal rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PhysicalProcess ; "Thermal" ; "Thermals" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#ThermalConductivity :ThermalConductivity rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:equivalentClass [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:intersectionOf ( :DerivedVariable [ rdf:type owl:Class ; owl:intersectionOf ( [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom :DensityDistribution ] [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty ; owl:someValuesFrom :TemperatureDistribution ] ) ] ) ] ; rdfs:comment "Thermal conductivity in the powder bed is a function of both temperature and density, and as such needs to be approximated with a model because it cannot be measured during the process." ; "ThermalConductivities" ; "ThermalConductivity" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#ThermalGradientDistribution :ThermalGradientDistribution rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :DerivedVariable , [ rdf:type owl:Restriction ; owl:onProperty :isDeterminedBy ; owl:someValuesFrom :TemperatureDistribution ] ; "Thermal_gradients" ; "Thermal_gradient" ; rdfs:comment "Temperature distribution can be used to return approximations of the temperature gradient, which are used to make microstructural predictions." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#ThermalLoadingInPart :ThermalLoadingInPart rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Structural ; "ThermalLoadings" ; "ThermalLoading" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#ThermalShrinkage :ThermalShrinkage rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :ThermalLoadingInPart ; "ThermalShrinkage" ; "ThermalShrinkages" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#TitaniumAlloy :TitaniumAlloy rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :MetalAlloy ; "TitaniumAlloy" ; "TitaniumAlloys" ; rdfs:comment "Alloys with Titanium as the primary element. The most typical example is Ti-6Al-4V." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#Vaporization :Vaporization rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :PhaseTransformation ; "Vaporization" ; "Vaporizations" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#VatPhotopolymerization :VatPhotopolymerization rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :AdditiveManufacturing ; "VatPhotopolymerization" ; "VatPhotopolymerizations" ; rdfs:comment "This process uses a vat of liquid photopolymer resin, out of which the model is constructed later by layer. An ultraviolet (UV) light is used to cure or harden the resin where required." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#Viscosity :Viscosity rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :DerivedVariable ; "Viscosity" ; "Viscosities" ; rdfs:comment "Material viscosity plays an important role not only for prediction of the melt pool dynamics (when melting) but also for viscous sintering (when sintering). Its value cannot be measured and needs to be approximated with material models." . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#VolumetricHeatGeneration :VolumetricHeatGeneration rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :VolumetricIrradiation ; "VolumetricHeatGenerations" ; "VolumetricHeatGeneration" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#VolumetricIrradiation :VolumetricIrradiation rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :Irradiation ; "VolumetricIrradiations" ; "VolumetricIrradiation" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#WC-COCementedCarbide :WC-COCementedCarbide rdf:type owl:Class ; rdfs:subClassOf :HardMetal ; "WC-COCementedCarbide" ; rdfs:comment "Cemented carbides are composed of a metal matrix composite where carbide particles act as the aggregate and a metallic binder serves as the matrix." ; "WC-COCementedCarbides" . ################################################################# # # Individuals # ################################################################# ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#Jiang-ResidualStressesAndDefromationDistributionInDMLS :Jiang-ResidualStressesAndDefromationDistributionInDMLS rdf:type owl:NamedIndividual ; "DirectMetalLaserSinteringOf_316StainlessSteel" . ### http://siam.nist.gov/AM-Process-Ontology#316316Jiang-316StainlessSteel rdf:type owl:NamedIndividual ; "StainlessSteel" . ################################################################# # # General axioms # ################################################################# [ rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ; owl:members ( :FullMelting :LiquidPhaseSintering :SolidStateSintering ) ] . [ rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ; owl:members ( :BedRadiation :HeatConduction :SurfaceConvection ) ] . [ rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ; owl:members ( :Ceramics :HardMetal :MetalAlloy :Polymer ) ] . [ rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ; owl:members ( :BinderJetting :DirectedEnergyDeposition :MaterialExtrusion :MaterialJetting :PowderBedFusion :SheetLamination :VatPhotopolymerization ) ] . [ rdf:type owl:AllDisjointClasses ; owl:members ( :Consolidation :FluidMechanics :Microstructural :Structural :Thermal ) ] . ### Generated by the OWL API (version 3.5.1) http://owlapi.sourceforge.net